Data Collection
Naphthalene
CAS Number: 91-20-3
Basic Information
Synonym(s): Camphor tar; mighty 150; mighty rd1; Mothballs; Moth Flakes; Naphthalene; Naphthalene, crude; Naphthalene ; Naphthalene, molten; Naphthene; tar camphor; white tar
Formula: C10H8
Molecular Weight: 128.173
Boiling Point (°C): 218
Melting Point (°C): 80.6
Contaminant Type: Naphthalene is a contaminant with other or multiple types of use.
Notes: WHITE, CRYSTALLINE FLAKES OR SOLID ; WHITE SCALES, BALLS, POWDER OR CAKES ; MONOCLINIC PLATES FROM ALCOHOL
Solubility (in water)
- Solubility:
3.17E+01
mg/kg
ao
Temperature (°C): 25
- Solubility:
3.03E+01
mg/kg
ao
Temperature (°C): 25
- Solubility:
3.03E+01
mg/kg
ao
Temperature (°C): 25
- Solubility:
3.30E+01
mg/l
at
Formulation: seawater
- Solubility:
3.13E+01
mg/kg
ao
Temperature (°C): 25
- Solubility:
30-40
mg/l
at
Temperature (°C): 25
- Solubility:
3.10E-03
g/100ml
d
- Solubility:
19; 30; 38
mg/l
ak
- Solubility:
20+/-2
mg/l
ak
Temperature (°C): 22
Formulation: in seawater
- Solubility:
31-34
mg/l
ak
Temperature (°C): 25
Formulation: in distilled water
- Solubility:
19; 30; 38
mg/l
ak
Temperature (°C): 22
- Solubility:
20 +/- 2
mg/l
ak
Formulation: in seawater
- Solubility:
31-34
mg/l
ak
Formulation: in distilled water
Half-Life (in soil unless otherwise noted)
- t1/2:
16.6-48
days
f
Environment: Based upon soil die-away test data
- t1/2:
0.1; 125
days
ak
Environment: degradation in soil system at initial conc of 7 mg/kg soil
- t1/2:
2
days
ak
Environment: biodegradation in soil system in non-adapted aerobic subsoil - groundwater Texas
- t1/2:
7
days
ak
Environment: biodegradation in soil system in non-adapted aerobic subsoil - groundwater Florida
- t1/2:
> 485
days
ak
Environment: biodegradation in soil system in non-adapted aerobic subsoil - sand Texas
- t1/2:
3000
days
ak
Environment: biodegradation in soil system in non-adapted aerobic subsoil - sand Oklahoma
- t1/2:
0.1; 125
days
ak
Environment: initial conc. of 7 mg/kg soil
- t1/2:
2
days
ak
Environment: non-adapted aerobic subsoil - groundwater Texas
- t1/2:
7
days
ak
Environment: non-adapted aerobic subsoil - groundwater Flroida
- t1/2:
>485
days
ak
Environment: non-adapted aerobic subsoil - sand Texas
- t1/2:
3000
days
ak
Environment: non-adapted aerobic subsoil - sand Oklahoma
- t1/2:
16.6-48
days
f
Environment: Based upon soil-die away test data
Toxicity Effects
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Artemia salina
Toxicity: 2.1; 2.9 mg/l
Test: 24h EC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Artemia salina
Toxicity: 2.1; 2.9 mg/l
Test: 24h EC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Artemia salina
Toxicity: 2.1;2.9 mg/l
Test: 24h EC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Artemia salina
Toxicity: 3.2 mg/l
Test: 24h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Artemia salina
Toxicity: > 6.7 mg/l
Test: 3h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Artemia salina
Toxicity: >6.7 mg/l
Test: 3h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Artemia salina
Toxicity: 10.6 mg/l
Test: 48h EC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Calanus finmarchicus
Toxicity: (+/-) 2.5 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Calanus finmarchicus
Toxicity: +/- 2.5 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Blue crab
Scientific Name: Callinectes sapidus
Toxicity: 2.3 mg/l
Test: 48h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Dungeness crab
Scientific Name: Cancer magister
Life Stage: Zoea
Toxicity: > 0.17 mg/l
Test: 8w NOEC, growth, reproduction
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Dungeness crab
Scientific Name: Cancer magister
Toxicity: > 2.0 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Dungeness crab
Scientific Name: Cancer magister
Toxicity: >2.0 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Daphnia
Scientific Name: Daphnia magna
Toxicity: >6.7 mg/l
Test: 2h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Daphnia
Scientific Name: Daphnia magna
Toxicity: > 6.7 mg/l
Test: 2h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
at
Common Name: Daphnia
Scientific Name: Daphnia magna
Toxicity: 8.570 mg/l
Test: 48h EC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Daphnia
Scientific Name: Daphnia magna
Toxicity: 3.4-4.1; 4.7; 8.6; 16.6 mg/l
Test: 48h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Daphnia
Scientific Name: Daphnia magna
Toxicity: 0.6 mg/l
Test: 48h NOEC
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Daphnia
Scientific Name: Daphnia pulex
Toxicity: 3.4 mg/l
Test: 48h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Daphnia
Scientific Name: Daphnia pulex
Life Stage: Neonates
Toxicity: 0.33 mg/l
Test: NOEC, lifetime reproduction
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Elasmopus bampo
Toxicity: 2.7 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Elasmopus pectenicrus
Toxicity: 2.7 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Eurytemora affinis
Toxicity: 3.8 mg/l
Test: 24h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Eurytemora affinis
Life Stage: Adult
Gender: Female
Toxicity: 0.01 mg/l
Test: 4w NOEC survival, reproduction
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
at
Common Name: Brown shrimp, Golden shrimp, Northern brown shrimp, Red shrimp, Redtail shrimp
Scientific Name: Farfantepenaeus aztecus
Toxicity: 2.500 mg/l
Test: 24h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Brown shrimp, Golden shrimp, Northern brown shrimp, Red shrimp, Redtail shrimp
Scientific Name: Farfantepenaeus aztecus
Toxicity: 2.5 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Gammarus minus
Toxicity: 3.9 mg/l
Test: 48h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Gammarus minus
Toxicity: 1.0 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Purple shore crab
Scientific Name: Hemigrapsus nudus
Toxicity: (+/-) 1.0 mg/l
Test: 1w LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Purple shore crab
Scientific Name: Hemigrapsus nudus
Toxicity: 1.8 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Purple shore crab
Scientific Name: Hemigrapsus nudus
Toxicity: 1.8 mg/l
Test: 96h LC60
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Ginger prawn, Speckled prawn, Speckled shrimp
Scientific Name: Metapenaeus monoceros
Toxicity: 5.0 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Ginger prawn, Speckled prawn, Speckled shrimp
Scientific Name: Metapenaeus monoceros
Toxicity: 5 mg/l
Test: 96h LC60
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Neomysis americana
Toxicity: 0.8; 1.0 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Humpback, Humpbacked Salmon, Pink salmon
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
Toxicity: 0.9 mg/l
Test: 24h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Humpback, Humpbacked Salmon, Pink salmon
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
Life Stage: Juvenile
Toxicity: 0.12 mg/l
Test: 6w NOEC, growth
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Humpback, Humpbacked Salmon, Pink salmon
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
Life Stage: Juvenile
Toxicity: 0.12 mg/l
Test: 6w NOEC, growth
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Humpback, Humpbacked Salmon, Pink salmon
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
Toxicity: 1.2 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Humpback, Humpbacked Salmon, Pink salmon
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
Toxicity: 1.2 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50,S
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Humpback, Humpbacked Salmon, Pink salmon
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
Toxicity: 1.8 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50,S
Temperature (°C): 8
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Humpback, Humpbacked Salmon, Pink salmon
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
Toxicity: 1.4 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50,S
Temperature (°C): 4
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Daggerblade grass shrimp
Scientific Name: Palaemonetes pugio
Toxicity: 2.6 mg/l
Test: 24h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
at
Common Name: Daggerblade grass shrimp
Scientific Name: Palaemonetes pugio
Toxicity: 2.600 mg/l
Test: 24h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Daggerblade grass shrimp
Scientific Name: Palaemonetes pugio
Toxicity: 2.3 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Humpy shrimp
Scientific Name: Pandalus goniurus
Toxicity: (+/-) 1.6 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Humpy shrimp
Scientific Name: Pandalus goniurus
Toxicity: 1.02 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50,S
Temperature (°C): 8
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Humpy shrimp
Scientific Name: Pandalus goniurus
Toxicity: 0.97 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50,S
Temperature (°C): 12
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Humpy shrimp
Scientific Name: Pandalus goniurus
Toxicity: 2.2 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50,S
Temperature (°C): 4
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Humpy shrimp
Scientific Name: Pandalus goniurus
Toxicity: +/- 1.6 mg/l
Test: 96h LC60
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Parhyale hawaiensis
Toxicity: 6.2; 17.5 mg/l
Test: 24h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Brown shrimp
Scientific Name: Penaeus aztecus
Toxicity: 2.5 mg/l
Test: 24h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Brown shrimp
Scientific Name: Penaeus aztecus
Toxicity: 2.5 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Scientific Name: Physa gyrina
Toxicity: 5 mg/l
Test: 48h LC50
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Estuarine Mud Crab
Scientific Name: Rhithropanopeus harrisii
Life Stage: Zoea
Toxicity: 0.3 mg/l
Test: 1w NOEC, growth
Notes: Megalops
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Mud crab, mangrove crab
Scientific Name: Scylla serrata
Life Stage: Molting
Toxicity: 2.5 mg/l
Test: 2w NOLC
Notes: Various molting stages
- Organism Type:
Crustaceans
ak
Common Name: Mud crab, mangrove crab
Scientific Name: Scylla serrata
Life Stage: Molting
Toxicity: 1.25 mg/l
Test: 6w NOEC behavior
Notes: Intermolting stage
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Sheepshead minnow
Scientific Name: Cyprinodon variegatus
Toxicity: 2.4 mg/l
Test: 24h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
at
Common Name: Sheepshead minnow
Scientific Name: Cyprinodon variegatus
Toxicity: 2.400 mg/l
Test: 24h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
at
Common Name: Mummichog
Scientific Name: Fundulus heteroclitus
Toxicity: 0.002 mg/l
Test: 15d EC, gill hyperplasia
- Organism Type:
Fish
at
Common Name: Mummichog
Scientific Name: Fundulus heteroclitus
Toxicity: 0.020 mg/l
Test: 15d EC, tastebud necrosis
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Mummichog
Scientific Name: Fundulus heteroclitus
Toxicity: 5 mg/l
Test: 30h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Mummichog
Scientific Name: Fundulus heteroclitus
Toxicity: 5.0 mg/l
Test: 30h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Mummichog
Scientific Name: Fundulus heteroclitus
Toxicity: 4.0-8.0 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Atlantic cod, Rock cod
Scientific Name: Gadus morhua
Toxicity: 2.0; >2.7 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Atlantic cod, Rock cod
Scientific Name: Gadus morhua
Toxicity: 2.0; >2.7 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Mosquitofish
Scientific Name: Gambusia affinis
Toxicity: 220-150 mg/l
Test: 24-96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Mosquitofish
Scientific Name: Gambusia affinis
Toxicity: 150 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Largemouth bass
Scientific Name: Micropterus salmoides
Life Stage: Eggs through 30 days after hatching
Toxicity: 0.51 mg/l
Test: 1w LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
at
Common Name: Coho salmon or silver salmon
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus kisutch
Toxicity: 5.600 mg/l
Test: <6h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Coho salmon or silver salmon
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus kisutch
Toxicity: 0.37 mg/l
Test: 6w NOEC, growth
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Coho salmon or silver salmon
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus kisutch
Toxicity: (+/-) 2.5 mg/l
Test: 72h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Coho salmon or silver salmon
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus kisutch
Toxicity: 3.2-5.6 mg/l
Test: 72h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Coho salmon or silver salmon
Scientific Name: Oncorhynchus kisutch
Toxicity: 2.1; 3.2 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Mozambique tilapia
Scientific Name: Oreochromis mossambicus
Toxicity: <0.9 mg/l
Test: 10w NOEC biochemistry
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Mozambique tilapia
Scientific Name: Oreochromis mossambicus
Toxicity: 2.3 mg/l
Test: 12w NOEC feeding behavior, growth
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Mozambique tilapia
Scientific Name: Oreochromis mossambicus
Toxicity: 7.9 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Fathead minnow
Scientific Name: Pimephales promelas
Toxicity: 8 mg/l
Test: 24h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
at
Common Name: Fathead minnow
Scientific Name: Pimephales promelas
Toxicity: 8.9 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
Temperature (°C): 24
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Fathead minnow
Scientific Name: Pimephales promelas
Toxicity: 6.1 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Fathead minnow
Scientific Name: Pimephales promelas
Toxicity: 2.0; 4.9; 6.1; 7.9; 8.9 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
at
Common Name: Fathead minnow
Scientific Name: Pimephales promelas
Toxicity: 4.9 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
Temperature (°C): 14
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Fathead minnow
Scientific Name: Pimephales promelas
Life Stage: Eggs through 30 days after hatching
Toxicity: 0.45 mg/l
Test: NOEC, growth, hatchability
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Columbia River redband trout
Scientific Name: Salmo gairdneri
Life Stage: Eggs through 4 days after hatching
Toxicity: 0.11 mg/l
Test: 4w LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Columbia River redband trout
Scientific Name: Salmo gairdneri
Toxicity: 1.6 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
at
Common Name: Columbia River redband trout
Scientific Name: Salmo gairdneri
Toxicity: 2.3 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
- Organism Type:
Fish
ak
Common Name: Columbia River redband trout
Scientific Name: Salmo gairdneri
Toxicity: (+/-) 0.04 mg/l
Test: NOEC, hatchability, survival
- Organism Type:
Molluscs
ak
Common Name: Pacific oyster
Scientific Name: Crassostrea gigas
Toxicity: 199 mg/l
Test: 96h LC50
Soil Organic Carbon/Water Partition Coefficients
- Koc:
960
ak
Formulation: "for Fullerton soil, 0.06% organic carbon"
- Koc:
1000
ak
Formulation: "for Apison soil, 0.11% organic carbon"
- Koc:
400
ak
Formulation: for Dormont soil 1.2% organic carbon
- Koc:
960
ak
Formulation: "for Fullerton soil, 0.06% organic carbon"
- Koc:
1000
ak
Formulation: "for Apison soil, 0.11% organic carbon"
- Koc:
400
ak
Formulation: for Dormont soil 1.2% organic carbon
Octanol-Water Partition Coefficients
- Log Kow:
"3.01; 3.32, 3.45"
ak
- Log Kow:
3.01; 3.32; 3.45
ak
Work Cited
|
d
|
ChemFinder. Cambridge MA: CambridgeSoft Corporation. Retrieved November, 2003 from http://chemfinder.cambridgesoft.com
|
|
f
|
Howard, P. H., R. S. Boethling, W. F. Jarvis, W. M. Meylan, and E. M. Michalenko. 1991. Handbook of Environmental Degradation Rates. Lewis Publishers., Chelsea, MI.
|
|
ak
|
Verschueren, K. 2001. Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals, 4th edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.
|
|
ao
|
Santodonato, J., P. Howard, D. Basu, S.D. Lee, Si Duk, and L. Grant. 1981. Health and ecological assessment of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Pages 1-364 in Journal of environmental pathology and toxicology, volume 5(1). Park Forest South, Ill. : Pathotox Publishers.
|
|
at
|
USEPA. 1980. Ambient water quality criteria for naphthalene. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Regulations and Standards, EPA 440/5-80-059, Washington, DC.
|
|
ay
|
Nagpal, N. K. 1993. Ambient Water Quality Criteria For Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). Pages retrieved April 2005 from http://www.env.gov.bc.ca/wat/wq/BCguidelines/pahs/index.html. British Columbia Ministry of Environment.
|